Objectives: Transient receptor potential subtype vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is an ion channel that is primarily expressed by primary sensory neurons where it mediates pain and heat sensation and participates in neurogenic inflammation. In this study, we examined the role of TRPV1 during neurogenic activation of pancreatic inflammation using a secretagogue-induced model in mice.
Methods: A supramaximal dose of caerulein (50 microg/kg) was injected hourly for 12 hours. Mice lacking TRPV1 were compared to wild-type animals.
Results: All the parameters: serum amylase, pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity, histological scoring, pancreatic wet weight/body weight ratio, and quantification of neurokinin-1 receptor internalization indicated that null mice were not protected from acute pancreatitis. However, when primary sensory neurons were ablated by injection of the neurotoxin and TRPV1 agonist, resiniferatoxin, pancreatitis was ameliorated in wild-type mice but not in null mice, indicating that nerves bearing TRPV1 are part of the inflammatory pathway in acute pancreatitis because disappearance significantly reduced the inflammatory response.
Conclusions: Nerves expressing TRPV1 participate in the neurogenic inflammation during acute pancreatitis. The lack of protection in TRPV1 null mice suggests that an alternate pathway to TRPV1 coexists in the same neurons.