Objective: The co-existence of chronic pain conditions with anxiety and/or depression is common in the general population but poorly described during pregnancy. In this study, we sought to describe trends in chronic pain among a sample of delivering people and describe the co-existence of chronic pain with anxiety and/or depression among delivering people.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between 2008 and 2021, for delivering persons with coverage by single employer-based health plan. We computed predicted margins from generalized estimating equations to determine the marginal predicted probability of chronic pain among all delivering and non-delivering persons who identify as women with and without diagnosed anxiety and/or depression.
Results: Musculoskeletal and pelvic pain occurred most often regardless of delivering status. Delivering persons with anxiety and/or depression had higher marginal predicted probabilities of chronic pain compared to all delivering persons. Between 2008 and 2021, the predicted probabilities ranged from 0.400 to 0.527 and 0.221-0.261, respectively.
Conclusion: Chronic pain conditions are common in pregnancy and nearly two times higher among individuals with anxiety and/or depression. The frequency of comorbid depression and/or anxiety with pain disorders among delivering persons highlights the importance of proper detection, coordination of care, and safe treatment options for this population.
Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Mental health; Pain; Pregnancy.
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