Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Osteosarcopenia in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Cross-sectional Study

Kyoung Tae Kim; Soyoung Lee; Jang Hyuk Cho; Yongmin Choi

doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000002526

Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Osteosarcopenia in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Cross-sectional Study

Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2024 May 13. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002526. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Kyoung Tae Kim¹, Soyoung Lee¹, Jang Hyuk Cho¹, Yongmin Choi²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital.
² Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daegu Hospital, Korea Worker's Compensation & Welfare Service.

PMID: 38726967
DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002526

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of osteosarcopenia in patients with acute stroke.

Design: Overall, 224 patients within 2 weeks of having a stroke were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), modified Barthel Index (MBI), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and handgrip strength were recorded. Body composition was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis and sarcopenia were defined as having osteosarcopenia.

Results: The overall prevalence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia was 46.9% and 50.9%, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis without sarcopenia, sarcopenia without osteoporosis, and osteosarcopenia was 18.3%, 22.3%, and 28.6%, respectively. The proportion of female sex (71.9%), median age, and NIHSS score were significantly higher, and mRS, BBS, MBI, FAC, and grip strength were significantly lower in patients with osteosarcopenia. Older age (≥65-years) (OR, 15.4), female sex (OR, 6.23), and lower BMI (<25 kg/m 2 ) (OR, 43.13) were independently associated with the likelihood of osteosarcopenia.

Conclusion: Osteosarcopenia may occur in acute stroke survivors. Patients with osteosarcopenia have a significantly higher stroke severity and disability. A comprehensive diagnostic approach is imperative for osteosarcopenia, thereby facilitating implementation of optimal rehabilitative strategies.