Poor outcomes in patients who do not receive intravenous tissue plasminogen activator because of mild or improving ischemic stroke

Stroke. 2005 Nov;36(11):2497-9. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000185798.78817.f3. Epub 2005 Oct 6.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Some patients with mild or improving ischemic stroke symptoms do not receive intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) because they look "too good to treat" (TGT); however, some have poor outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from a prospective single-center study between 2002 and 2004. TGT patients were those arriving within 3 hours of symptom onset and not treated with intravenous tPA solely because of mild or improving symptoms.

Results: Of 128 patients presenting within 3 hours, 41 (34%) were not given tPA because of mild or improving stroke. Of the TGT patients, 11 of 41 (27%) died or were not discharged home because of neurological worsening (n=6) or persistent "mild" neurological deficit (n=5). No single variable at presentation was associated with death or lack of home discharge. There were 10 of 41 TGT patients (24%) who had > or =4-point improvement in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score before tPA decision; these patients were more likely to have subsequent neurological worsening (relative risk, 4.1, 95% CI, 1.1 to 15.4; P=0.05).

Conclusions: A substantial minority of patients deemed too good for intravenous tPA were unable to be discharged home. A re-evaluation of the stroke severity criteria for tPA eligibility may be indicated.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Angiography
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Ischemia / drug therapy*
  • Ischemia / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Regression Analysis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stroke / drug therapy*
  • Stroke / mortality
  • Thrombolytic Therapy / methods
  • Time Factors
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / administration & dosage*
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator