Wound complications in preoperatively irradiated soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013 Feb 1;85(2):432-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.04.037. Epub 2012 Jun 5.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine whether the involvement of plastic surgery and the use of vascularized tissue flaps reduces the frequency of major wound complications after radiation therapy for soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities.

Methods and materials: This retrospective study evaluated patients with STS of the extremities who underwent radiation therapy before surgery. Major complications were defined as secondary operations with anesthesia, seroma/hematoma aspirations, readmission for wound complications, or persistent deep packing.

Results: Between 1996 and 2010, 73 patients with extremity STS were preoperatively irradiated. Major wound complications occurred in 32% and secondary operations in 16% of patients. Plastic surgery closed 63% of the wounds, and vascularized tissue flaps were used in 22% of closures. When plastic surgery performed closure the frequency of secondary operations trended lower (11% vs 26%; P=.093), but the frequency of major wound complications was not different (28% vs 38%; P=.43). The use of a vascularized tissue flap seemed to have no effect on the frequency of complications. The occurrence of a major wound complication did not affect disease recurrence or survival. For all patients, 3-year local control was 94%, and overall survival was 72%.

Conclusions: The rates of wound complications and secondary operations in this study were very similar to previously published results. We were not able to demonstrate a significant relationship between the involvement of plastic surgery and the rate of wound complications, although there was a trend toward reduced secondary operations when plastic surgery was involved in the initial operation. Wound complications were manageable and did not compromise outcomes.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Extremities*
  • Female
  • Hematoma / etiology
  • Hematoma / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / surgery
  • Preoperative Care / adverse effects
  • Preoperative Care / methods
  • Reoperation / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sarcoma / mortality
  • Sarcoma / pathology
  • Sarcoma / radiotherapy*
  • Sarcoma / surgery*
  • Seroma / etiology
  • Seroma / surgery
  • Suction
  • Surgical Flaps / blood supply
  • Tumor Burden
  • Young Adult