Sexual exposure to STDs including HIV and hepatitis is common. Sexual assault is also prevalent and should be screened for in a patient presenting for medical care after potential sexual exposure to STDs. Primary care providers should be familiar with current recommendations for STD prophylaxis and treatment after sexual exposure to STDs, and be aware that HIV postexposure prophylaxis is effective and available if indicated after sexual exposure to HIV. Providers should also be aware of the need for prompt referal for evaluation and medical care of the adult patient after a sexual assault.