Choice architecture in code status discussions with terminally ill patients and their families

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 726 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
• ² Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ³ Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ⁴ Fostering Improvement in End-of-Life Decision Science (FIELDS) Program, Philadelphia, USA.
• ⁵ Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 726 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA. scott.halpern@uphs.upenn.edu.
• ⁶ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. scott.halpern@uphs.upenn.edu.
• ⁷ Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. scott.halpern@uphs.upenn.edu.
• ⁸ Fostering Improvement in End-of-Life Decision Science (FIELDS) Program, Philadelphia, USA. scott.halpern@uphs.upenn.edu.
• ⁹ Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. scott.halpern@uphs.upenn.edu.