Microbiome and Anticancer Immunosurveillance

Laurence Zitvogel; Maha Ayyoub; Bertrand Routy; Guido Kroemer

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.03.001

Microbiome and Anticancer Immunosurveillance

Cell. 2016 Apr 7;165(2):276-87. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.03.001.

Authors

Laurence Zitvogel¹, Maha Ayyoub², Bertrand Routy², Guido Kroemer³

Affiliations

¹ INSERM, U1015, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 95800 Villejuif, France; University of Paris Sud XI, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer, 95800 Villejuif, France. Electronic address: laurence.zitvogel@gustaveroussy.fr.
² INSERM, U1015, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 95800 Villejuif, France; University of Paris Sud XI, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer, 95800 Villejuif, France.
³ Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; Cell Biology and Metabolomics platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 95800 Villejuif, France; INSERM, U1138, 75006 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: kroemer@orange.fr.

PMID: 27058662
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.03.001

Abstract

Anticancer immune responses can be considered a desirable form of autoimmunity that may be profoundly shaped by the microbiome. Here, we discuss evidence for the microbiome's influence on anti-tumor immunosurveillance, including those that are indirect and can act at a distance, and we put forward hypotheses regarding mechanisms of how these effects are implemented. These may involve cross-reactivity between microbial and tumor antigens shaping T cell repertoires and/or microbial products stimulating pattern recognition receptors that influence the type and intensity of immune responses. Understanding how the microbiome impacts natural cancer immunosurveillance as well as treatment-induced immune responses will pave the way for more effective therapies and prophylactics.

Keywords: cancer; checkpoint blockers; immunity; immunotherapy; microbiota; pathogen recognition receptors; tumor-associated antigens.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Biological Therapy*
Dysbiosis
Humans
Hygiene Hypothesis
Microbiota*
Monitoring, Immunologic
Neoplasms / immunology*
Neoplasms / therapy*