We report our clinic experience with central venous catheters (CVCs) in 23 children with haemophilia, who, in total, had 35 catheters. Seventeen of the 23 children had Broviac catheters (external), 6/23 had an implantable device (Port-A-Cath) only, while four had Broviac and Port-A-Cath at different times. The age of the patients at the time of initial catheter placement ranged from 4 months to 18 years; 11 were under age 3 years. Indications for CVC placement included induction of immune tolerance, treatment of HIV-related complications, prophylactic therapy following intracranial haemorrhage, primary prophylaxis and secondary prophylaxis. Catheter-related infection was the most common complication, occurring in 84% of the external catheters. Of these infections 79% occurred in HIV-negative subjects. Staph and strep species were the most common infectious organisms isolated. Minor bleeding around the catheter occurred in 20% of cases even with adequate correction of haemophilia. Three children accidentally removed the external catheter (12%). Thrombosis of the catheter was uncommon (8%), occurring in only two patients, one of whom had a small newborn size external catheter. When presenting with line sepsis, haemophilic children who were HIV negative had transient temperature spikes approximately 1 h after catheter flushing. This presentation was different from our oncology or HIV-positive patients with CVC-related sepsis. Our experience with ports (Port-A-Cath) in haemophilic children is limited, but catheter-related infection (40%) seems to be less of a problem with the implantable device and the ports have been well accepted by our haemophilic patients and their parents.
Keywords: central venous catheters; haemophilia; infections.
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