Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurological disorder that has a significant impact on activities of daily living (ADL). Limited data exists regarding the functional status of nursing home residents with PD.
Objective: The study examined the nature, extent, and predictors of limitation of ADL in patients with PD residing in nursing homes.
Methods: This study used cross-sectional design involving data from the National Nursing Home Survey (NNHS). The dependent variable was the total number of ADL for which the patient needed assistance. Assistance for ADL comprised of five items of transferring, dressing, eating, toileting and bathing. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the individual, biological and environmental factors associated with assistance needed for ADL.
Results: The nationally representative study sample was of 98,093 nursing home residents with PD for an overall prevalence of 6.57%. The mean age of the study sample was 81.03±0.34 years. Mood symptoms (45%), behavioral symptoms (24%)and dementia (8%) were common among PD patients. Assistance needed for each ADL ranged from 68.24% for eating to 99.25% for bathing. Older age, being married, living in metropolitan statistical area (MSA), living in other place prior to admission, and presence of mood symptoms were positively related to assistance for ADL. Presence of behavioral symptoms and use of levodopa combination therapy were negatively related to assistance for ADL.
Conclusions: Majority of the nursing home residents with PD had disability in all the five items of ADL. Various individual, environmental and biological factors were associated with ADL in nursing home residents with PD.
Keywords: ADL; Parkinson’s disease; activities of daily living; elderly; nursing home patients; nursing home residents.