Objective: Potential support providers may rely on observable behaviours (e.g. resisting a cigarette vs. smoking) to determine how much and what kind of support to provide. We evaluated the effect of smokers' salient behaviour on partners' likelihood of providing positive and negative support.
Design: Partners of smokers (N = 131) were randomly assigned to recall a time when their partner either successfully resisted a cigarette, failed to resist a cigarette or a control condition (no recall). All participants reported the likelihood of providing positive and negative support to their partner. Perceived commitment to quitting smoking was measured as a potential mediator.
Main outcome measures: The main outcome was intention to provide support for a quit attempt.
Results: Participants who recalled their partners' past failures reported more intentions to engage in negative support and smaller ratios of positive to negative intended support than did participants in the success or control condition. These effects were partially mediated by perception of commitment to quitting.
Conclusion: Lapses in a quit attempt may change the nature of the support quitters receive. Interventions to improve communication between partners about the smoker's commitment to quitting and experienced challenges may result in better support.
Keywords: commitment to quitting; experimental design; romantic relationships; smoking cessation; social support.