Evaluation of Real-Time Mortality Surveillance Based on Media Reports

Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2017 Aug;11(4):460-466. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.170. Epub 2016 Dec 29.

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated the usefulness and accuracy of media-reported data for active disaster-related mortality surveillance.

Methods: From October 29 through November 5, 2012, epidemiologists from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) tracked online media reports for Hurricane Sandy-related deaths by use of a keyword search. To evaluate the media-reported data, vital statistics records of Sandy-related deaths were compared to corresponding media-reported deaths and assessed for percentage match. Sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), and timeliness of the media reports for detecting Sandy-related deaths were calculated.

Results: Ninety-nine media-reported deaths were identified and compared with the 90 vital statistics death records sent to the CDC by New York City (NYC) and the 5 states that agreed to participate in this study. Seventy-five (76%) of the media reports matched with vital statistics records. Only NYC was able to actively track Sandy-related deaths during the event. Moderate sensitivity (83%) and PPV (83%) were calculated for the matching media-reported deaths for NYC.

Conclusions: During Hurricane Sandy, the media-reported information was moderately sensitive, and percentage match with vital statistics records was also moderate. The results indicate that online media-reported deaths can be useful as a supplemental source of information for situational awareness and immediate public health decision-making during the initial response stage of a disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:460-466).

Keywords: disasters; hurricane; media; public health surveillance.

MeSH terms

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. / organization & administration
  • Cyclonic Storms / mortality*
  • Cyclonic Storms / statistics & numerical data
  • Death Certificates
  • Emergency Medical Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Internet
  • Mass Media / statistics & numerical data*
  • Mortality / trends*
  • Population Surveillance / methods*
  • United States