Diversity and education of the nursing workforce 2006-2016

Nurs Outlook. 2018 Mar-Apr;66(2):160-167. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Abstract

Background: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, The Future of Nursing, included recommendations to increase nurse diversity, the percent of nurses obtaining a bachelor's degree, and inter-professional education.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to report the progress toward achievement of these recommendations.

Methods: We used a longitudinal, multi-state data from four cohorts of nurses newly licensed in 2004 to 2005, 2007 to 2008, 2010 to 2011, and 2014 to 2015 to examine and compare the trends.

Finding: The percentage of males who became licensed increased, from 8.8% in 2004 to 2005 cohort to 13.6% in the 2014 to 2015 cohort. The percentage of white-non-Hispanic nurses who were licensed decreased from 78.9% in 2007 to 2008 to 73.8% in 2014 to 2015. These differences primarily reflect an increase in white-Hispanic nurses. More nurses are obtaining a bachelor's degree as their first professional degree, from 36.6% in 2004 to 2005 cohort to 48.5% in 2014 to 2015 cohort. About 40% of the 2014 to 2015 cohort reported that they learned to work in inter-professional teams. Collegial nurse-physician relations had an upward positive trajectory over time increasing almost 7%.

Discussion: The diversity and education of new nurses have increased, but are short of meeting the IOM recommendations.

Keywords: Health economics; Health professions education; Health services research; IOM report; Nursing; Workforce issues.

MeSH terms

  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Education, Nursing / economics
  • Education, Nursing / statistics & numerical data
  • Education, Nursing / trends*
  • Female
  • Health Workforce / trends*
  • Humans
  • Licensure, Nursing / statistics & numerical data
  • Licensure, Nursing / trends
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Nurses / statistics & numerical data*
  • Nurses, Male / statistics & numerical data
  • Nurses, Male / trends
  • Patient Care Team / statistics & numerical data
  • Physician-Patient Relations
  • Racial Groups / statistics & numerical data*
  • United States