Imaging is becoming critical for guiding management decisions in prostate cancer (PCa) both at initial diagnosis and at recurrence. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) of the prostate have proven valuable in the detection and localization of aggressive disease. Therefore, understanding the indications for mpMRI, imaging techniques and interpretation, limitations of current imaging approaches, and utility of PET and simultaneous PET/MRI has become increasingly important.