The Impact of Healthcare-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections on Postdischarge Health Care Costs and Utilization across Multiple Health Care Systems

Health Serv Res. 2018 Dec;53 Suppl 3(Suppl Suppl 3):5419-5437. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13063. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Abstract

Objective: To measure how much of the postdischarge cost and utilization attributable to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) health care-associated infections (HAIs) occur within the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system and how much occurs outside.

Data sources/study setting: Health care encounters from 3 different settings and payment models: (1) within the VA; (2) outside the VA but paid for by the VA (purchased care); and (3) outside the VA and paid for by Medicare.

Study design: Historical cohort study using data from admissions to VA hospitals between 2007 and 2012.

Methods: We assessed the impact of a positive MRSA test result on costs and utilization during the 365 days following discharge using inverse probability of treatment weights to balance covariates.

Principal findings: Among a cohort of 152,687 hospitalized Veterans, a positive MRSA test result was associated with an overall increase of 6.6 (95 percent CI: 5.7-7.5) inpatient days and $9,237 (95 percent CI: $8,211-$10,262) during the postdischarge period. VA inpatient admissions, Medicare reimbursements, and purchased care payments accounted for 60.6 percent, 22.5 percent, and 16.9 percent of these inpatient costs.

Conclusions: While most of the excess postdischarge health care costs associated with MRSA HAIs occurred in the VA, non-VA costs make up an important subset of the overall burden.

Keywords: MRSA; healthcare utilization and cost; healthcare-associated infection.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross Infection / economics*
  • Female
  • Health Expenditures / statistics & numerical data*
  • Health Resources / economics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medicare / economics
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Patient Discharge / economics
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Staphylococcal Infections / economics*
  • United States
  • United States Department of Veterans Affairs / economics