Osteogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells cultured onto poly-ε-caprolactone/poly (rotaxane) scaffolds

N K Oliveira; T H C Salles; A C Pedroni; L Miguita; M A D'Ávila; M M Marques; M C Z Deboni

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.109

Osteogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells cultured onto poly-ε-caprolactone/poly (rotaxane) scaffolds

Dent Mater. 2019 Dec;35(12):1740-1749. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.109. Epub 2019 Sep 20.

Authors

N K Oliveira¹, T H C Salles², A C Pedroni³, L Miguita⁴, M A D'Ávila², M M Marques³, M C Z Deboni⁵

Affiliations

¹ Oral Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
² Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Rua Mendeleiev, 200, BLOCO EE2 C. Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil.
³ Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
⁴ Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
⁵ Oral Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. Electronic address: mczdebon@usp.br.

PMID: 31543375
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.109

Abstract

Background: Bioengineering aims to develop innovative scaffolds to improve cellular activities for tissue regeneration.

Objectives: To evaluate the biological behavior of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) seeded onto an experimental polymeric-based scaffold comprising poly-ε-caprolactone/poly (rotaxane).

Material and methods: Adhesion, viability, and proliferation as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodule formation (alizarin red assay), and expression of genes related to osteogenic differentiation, including ALP, type 1 collagen alpha 1 (COL1A1), Runt-related transcription factor (Runx-2), and osteocalcin (BGLAP/OCN), were evaluated in hDPSCs seeded onto polymeric scaffolds.

Results: hDPSCs expressed typical levels of mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. Cell growth increased upon cultivation on polymeric blend scaffold and the cells gained osteoblast-like appearance. Fourteen days after seeding hDPSCs on the scaffolds, irrespective to the culture medium used (clonogenic or mineralization medium), the cells presented ALP activity higher than that of control cells grown in clonogenic medium. The cells cultivated in mineralization medium on the scaffold showed significantly higher expression of all genes than the control cells, except for BGLAP gene expression. At 21 days, the group cultivated on the scaffold and mineralization medium showed maximum level of mineralization.

Significance: Poly-ε-caprolactone/poly (rotaxane) blend is noncytotoxic to hDPSCs and improved genomic and functional osteogenic differentiation. Thus, poly-ε-caprolactone/poly (rotaxane) blend may serve as a promising bioactive biomaterial for bone tissue bioengineering.

Keywords: Osteogenic; Poly-ε-caprolactone; Polymer; Polyrotaxane; Stem cells.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Caproates
Cell Differentiation
Cell Proliferation
Cells, Cultured
Dental Pulp
Humans
Lactones
Osteogenesis*
Polyesters
Rotaxanes*
Tissue Engineering
Tissue Scaffolds

Substances

Caproates
Lactones
Polyesters
Rotaxanes
caprolactone