Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in an Adolescent Patient After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Abstract

Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causes severe acute lung injury in approximately 5% of infected adults, but few reports have been made of severe pediatric disease. We present an adolescent patient who contracted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 one week after a paternal haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplant, with development of severe hyperferritinemic acute lung injury and macrophage activation-like syndrome. We present her case and a comparison of her laboratory data with those of a cohort of pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 without severe disease.

Keywords: COVID-19; bone marrow transplant; macrophage activation-like syndrome; pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome; pediatrics.