1 Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK. Electronic address: elizabeth.fearon@lshtm.ac.uk.
2 Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
3 Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
4 Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Oxford, UK.
5 Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK.
6 Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Emergency Response Department, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK.
7 Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; IBM Research, Warrington, UK.
8 School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
9 Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK.
10 Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK.
11 Department of Clinical Sciences, and Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK; Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; WHO Collaborating Centre in Tuberculosis and Social Medicine, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.