A novel BRD4 inhibitor suppresses osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomized osteoporosis by blocking RANKL-mediated MAPK and NF-κB pathways

Cell Death Dis. 2021 Jun 26;12(7):654. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-03939-7.

Abstract

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has emerged as a promising treatment target for bone-related disorders. (+)-JQ1, a thienotriazolodiazepine compound, has been shown to inhibit pro-osteoclastic activity in a BRD4-dependent approach and impede bone loss caused by ovariectomy (OVX) in vivo. However, clinical trials of (+)-JQ1 are limited because of its poor druggability. In this study, we synthesized a new (+)-JQ1 derivative differing in structure and chirality. One such derivative, (+)-ND, exhibited higher solubility and excellent inhibitory activity against BRD4 compared with its analogue (+)-JQ1. Interestingly, (-)-JQ1 and (-)-ND exhibited low anti-proliferative activity and had no significant inhibitory effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis as compared with (+)-JQ1 and (+)-ND, suggesting the importance of chirality in the biological activity of compounds. Among these compounds, (+)-ND displayed the most prominent inhibitory effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, (+)-ND could inhibit osteoclast-specific gene expression, F-actin ring generation, and bone resorption in vitro and prevent bone loss in OVX mice. Collectively, these findings indicated that (+)-ND represses RANKL-stimulated osteoclastogenesis and averts OVX-triggered osteoporosis by suppressing MAPK and NF-κB signalling cascades, suggesting that it may be a prospective candidate for osteoporosis treatment.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / chemistry
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bone Remodeling / drug effects*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism*
  • Molecular Structure
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism*
  • Nuclear Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Osteoclasts / drug effects*
  • Osteoclasts / enzymology
  • Osteoclasts / pathology
  • Osteogenesis / drug effects*
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / enzymology
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / pathology
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / physiopathology
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / prevention & control*
  • Ovariectomy
  • RANK Ligand / pharmacology*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Transcription Factors / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism

Substances

  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Brd4 protein, mouse
  • NF-kappa B
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • RANK Ligand
  • Tnfsf11 protein, mouse
  • Transcription Factors
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases