Background: Professional identity formation is essential to medical trainee education. Surgeons are expected to guide trainees through this process but may be unprepared as they may not understand their own professional identity.
Methods: We purposively selected 46 surgeons across Michigan to participate in semi-structured qualitative interviews intended to explore surgical decision-making in 2019. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcripts.
Results: Surgeon identity formation is a complex process influenced by factors from four domains: individual factors, interpersonal relationships, external influences, and professional experience. We found surgeon identity formation commences prior to residency training and continues to remodel long into practice.
Conclusions: By understanding surgeon identity, surgeons will be prepared to help form trainees' professional identities and recognize opportunities for improvement. We believe changes, especially within the environment and community, will encourage medical students to enter surgical fields, decrease resident attrition, and promote surgeon well-being.
Keywords: Professional identity; Professional identity formation; Professionalism; Surgeon identity.
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