Cardioprotective effect of Justicia gendarussa on doxorubicin induced toxicity in mice

Abstract

Justicia gendarussa Burm.f, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, is widely used for various ailments traditionally. Antioxidant, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancerous, properties of the plant have been widely reported. The present study analyzed the cardioprotective effect of J. gendarussa on doxorubicin (DOX) induced toxicity in mice. Ethanolic extract of J. gendarussa was administered orally for 7 consecutive days. The alterations in oxido-reduction status, biochemical and histopathological parameters were analyzed in heart tissue. DOX increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities to 3.4 ± 0.5 and 3.68 ± 1 from their normal values 2.43 ± 0.8 and 2.72 ± 0.88, respectively. The increased activities of both the enzymes were found reduced to 3.12 ± 0.24 and 3.41 ± 0.65 by the treatment of the extract. Similarly, DOX elevated glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity to 44.6 ± 3.71 from the normal level 32.33 ± 3.41. DOX decreased the glutathione (GSH) level to 15.66 ± 2.51 from the normal values 31.66 ± 4.05. Upon treatment, GPx activity and GHS level found restored. The increased lipid peroxidation 2.53 ± 0.25 of DOX was also decreased to 2.0 ± 0.34 by the extract. Histopathology observations substantiate the protective effect of J. gendarussa extract. In conclusion, DOX-induced disturbance of oxido-reduction status and histopathology of heart attenuated closer to the normal indicating the protective effect of J. gendarussa against DOX-induced toxicity in cardiomyocytes.

Keywords: Justicia gendarussa; antioxidant; cardioprotective; doxorubicin.