Psychosocial and diabetes risk factors among racially/ethnically diverse adults with prediabetes

Luis A Rodriguez; Tainayah W Thomas; Holly Finertie; Cassie D Turner; Michele Heisler; Julie A Schmittdiel

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101821

Psychosocial and diabetes risk factors among racially/ethnically diverse adults with prediabetes

Prev Med Rep. 2022 May 5:27:101821. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101821. eCollection 2022 Jun.

Authors

Luis A Rodriguez¹, Tainayah W Thomas¹, Holly Finertie¹, Cassie D Turner^{2

3}, Michele Heisler^{2

3}, Julie A Schmittdiel¹

Affiliations

¹ Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, 2000 Broadway Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
² University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, 1301 Catherine St. Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
³ VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, VA Center for Clinical Management Research, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Bld. 16/300N-07, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Abstract

Psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy may be important in helping high-risk adults prevent diabetes. We aimed to describe psychosocial and diabetes risk factors in adults with prediabetes and evaluate if these varied by demographic characteristics. Cross-sectional data came from baseline surveys and electronic health records (2018-2021) of adults with prediabetes enrolled in a randomized study of peer support for diabetes prevention at Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Michigan Medicine. Linear regression was used to compare differences between racial/ethnic groups, adjusting for age, sex, and clinic. Of 336 participants in the study, 62% were female; median age was 57; 41% were White, 35% African American, 9% Hispanic. Mean autonomous motivation was 6.6 and self-efficacy to prevent diabetes was 6.0 (1-7 scale); mean perceived social support was 47 (12-72 scale). Hispanic adults reported higher autonomous motivation and African American adults reported higher self-efficacy compared to White adults. Hispanic and African American adults had more diabetes risk factors than White adults, including greater family history of diabetes, hypertension, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, physical inactivity and food insecurity. In conclusion, participants reported high levels of autonomous motivation and self-efficacy at baseline, with Hispanic and African American adults reporting higher levels of some psychosocial factors related to behavior change, suggesting a significant opportunity to engage a diverse population of adults with prediabetes in diabetes prevention strategies. However, Hispanic and African American participants showed greater diabetes risk factors levels. Diabetes prevention efforts should address both to reduce diabetes incidence.

Keywords: Autonomous motivation; DSS, Diabetes Social Support Scale; Diabetes risk factors; EHR, Electronic health records; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; KPNC, Kaiser Permanente Northern California; MM, Michigan Medicine; PCS, Perceived Competence Scale; Patient activation; Perceived social support; Prediabetes; RCT, Randomized clinical trial; Race/ethnicity; Self-efficacy; TSRQ, Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire; UPSTART, Using Peer Support to Aid in Prevention and Treatment in Prediabetes.

Abstract

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