Food insecurity, diabetes, and perceived diabetes self-management among Latinos in California: Differences by nativity and duration of residence

Brandon Osborn; Sandra S Albrecht; Nancy L Fleischer; Annie Ro

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101856

Food insecurity, diabetes, and perceived diabetes self-management among Latinos in California: Differences by nativity and duration of residence

Prev Med Rep. 2022 Jun 9:28:101856. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101856. eCollection 2022 Aug.

Authors

Brandon Osborn¹, Sandra S Albrecht², Nancy L Fleischer³, Annie Ro¹

Affiliations

¹ Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Anteater Instruction and Research Building (AIRB), Room 2030, 653 E. Peltason Road, Irvine, CA 92697-3957, United States.
² Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th Street, Room 703, New York, NY 10032, United States.
³ Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, United States.

Abstract

We examined associations between food security (FS) status and type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence and perceived T2D self-management by nativity and US duration of residence among Latinos living in California. We used the California Health Interview Survey (2012-2017) and included Latinos who lived below 200% of the federal poverty line (n = 16,254) and for our management outcome, those with T2D (n = 2284). Latinos with low FS (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.14-1.83) or very low FS (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.33-2.61) had a higher odds of T2D compared to their food-secure counterparts. When stratified by nativity/duration in the US, US-born Latinos and Latino immigrants with >10 years duration had a higher odds of T2D if they reported low FS (US-born: OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.02-2.52; >10 yrs: OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.12-1.97) or very low FS (US-born: OR = 2.37, 95% CI 1.45-3.86; >10 yrs: OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.15-2.76) compared to their food-secure counterparts. There was no association among immigrants with <10 years duration. For perceived T2D self-management, those with low or very low FS had lower odds of reporting proper management (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.36-0.86; OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.26-0.83) compared to their food-secure counterparts. When stratified by nativity, the US-born did not differ in their perceived self-management by FS status, while immigrants with low or very FS had lower odds of perceived self-management (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.34-0.86; OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.17-0.74), compared to their food-secure counterparts. Food insecurity may be an important contributor to T2D prevalence and perceived T2D self-management for Latino immigrants.

Keywords: Diabetes; Duration; Food insecurity; Latinos; Nativity.

Abstract

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