Neonatal abstinence syndrome and mother's own milk at discharge

Theresa T Nguyen; Caroline Toney-Noland; Jadene Wong; Lisa Chyi; Robert Castro; Angela Huang; Pam Aron-Johnson; Henry C Lee; M K Quinn

doi:10.1038/s41372-022-01430-5

Neonatal abstinence syndrome and mother's own milk at discharge

J Perinatol. 2022 Aug;42(8):1044-1050. doi: 10.1038/s41372-022-01430-5. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Authors

Theresa T Nguyen¹, Caroline Toney-Noland², Jadene Wong², Lisa Chyi³, Robert Castro², Angela Huang⁴, Pam Aron-Johnson⁵, Henry C Lee², M K Quinn²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. Theretn2@stanford.edu.
² Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
³ Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Walnut Creek Medical Center, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
⁴ Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA.
⁵ Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.

PMID: 35725804
DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01430-5

Abstract

Objective: To describe factors impacting receipt of mother's own milk (MOM) at discharge among California infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).

Study design: Cohort study of the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative's Maternal Substance Exposure Database for infants with NAS and gestational age ≥ 34 weeks from 2019 to 2020.

Result: 245 infants with NAS were identified. Variables with an increased likelihood of being discharged on MOM included maternal medication assisted treatment (p = 0.001), use of maternal addiction services (p < 0.001), receiving donor human milk (p = 0.001), being treated in the well baby unit (p < 0.001), rooming-in (p < 0.001), and kangaroo care (p < 0.001). Among infants with NAS for whom MOM was recommended (n = 84), rooming-in was the only factor associated with being discharged on MOM (p = 0.002); receiving formula was the only inversely associated factor (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Results suggest supporting the mother-infant dyad and using non-pharmacologic treatment methods, such as rooming-in, increase receipt of MOM at discharge.

MeSH terms

Breast Feeding / methods
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
Milk, Human*
Mothers
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome* / therapy
Patient Discharge
Pregnancy