The effect of vitamin D supplementation on body composition in nursing mothers with overweight or obesity: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Zohre Gerveieeha; Fereydoun Siassi; Mostafa Qorbani; Rezgar Shahi Menbar; Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi; Gity Sotoudeh

doi:10.1186/s40795-022-00664-y

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on body composition in nursing mothers with overweight or obesity: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

BMC Nutr. 2023 Jan 2;9(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s40795-022-00664-y.

Authors

Zohre Gerveieeha¹, Fereydoun Siassi², Mostafa Qorbani³, Rezgar Shahi Menbar⁴, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi⁵, Gity Sotoudeh⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
² Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran. siassif@tums.ac.ir.
³ Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. mqorbani1379@yahoo.com.
⁴ Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
⁵ Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, school of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
⁶ Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran. gsotodeh@tums.ac.ir.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on body composition and anthropometric measures of nursing mothers.

Methods: In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 90 nursing mothers with overweight or obesity were randomized into three groups for 12 weeks: two groups of vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU/d (VD1), n = 32 and 4000 IU/d (VD2), n = 29) and placebo (PL) group (n = 29). The information on body composition was obtained using the body impedance analysis (BIA) method. Serum 25-Hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D), Intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH), calcium, and phosphorus were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed based on the intention-to-treat (ITT) method. Two-way repeated measure ANOVA (mixed ANOVA) was applied to assess whether the mean changes in the results from baseline to 12 weeks differ in the three groups.

Results: There was a significant increase in the serum 25(OH) D concentration in the VD2 group compared to VD1 and PL groups (mean change (MC), 12.3 ng/ml; 95% CI, 9.4/15.0, p-value < 0.001). In addition, fat mass (MC, - 4.3 kg; 95% CI, - 7.0/- 1.1, p-value < 0.007), fat mass index (MC, - 1.6; 95% CI, - 2.6/- 0.5, p-value < 0.006) and body fat percentage (MC, - 8.1; 95% CI, - 12.0/- 4.2, p-value < 0.007) reduced in VD2 group as compared with VD1 and PL groups.

Conclusion: The intake of 4000 IU/d vitamins D3 supplementation would elevate circulating 25(OH) D concentrations in nursing mothers with overweight or obesity and improve some indices of body composition.

Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ( http://www.irct.ir : IRCT20140413017254N6) registered on 11-04-2018. The graphical abstract of this clinical trial, is a figure that explains the final results of the manuscript in a clear and attractive way.

Keywords: 25(OH) D: 25-Hydroxy vitamin D.; Body composition; Nursing mothers; Obesity; Overweight; Vitamin D, Supplementation.

Grants and funding

97-02-161-38838/Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services