Racial Differences in Nursing Home Quality of Life Among Residents Living With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias

J Aging Health. 2024 Jun;36(5-6):379-389. doi: 10.1177/08982643231191164. Epub 2023 Jul 26.

Abstract

ObjectivesAmong nursing home (NH) residents with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (AD/ADRD), racial/ethnic disparities in quality of care exist. However, little is known about quality of life (QoL). This study examines racial/ethnic differences in self-reported QoL among NH residents with AD/ADRD. Methods: Validated, in-person QoL surveys from 12,562 long-stay NH residents with AD/ADRD in Minnesota (2012-2015) were linked to Minimum Data Set assessments and facility characteristics. Hierarchical linear models assessed disparities in resident-reported mean QoL score (range, 0-100 points), adjusting for case-mix and facility factors. Results: Compared to White residents, racially/ethnically minoritized residents reported significantly lower total mean QoL scores (75.53 points vs. 80.34 points, p < .001). After adjustment for resident- and facility-level characteristics, significant racial/ethnic differences remained, with large disparities in food enjoyment, attention from staff, and engagement domains. Discussion: Policy changes and practice guidelines are needed to address racial/ethnic disparities in QoL of NH residents with AD/ADRD.

Keywords: nursing home residents with dementia; quality of life among people with dementia; racial/ethnic disparities.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease*
  • Humans
  • Nursing Homes
  • Quality of Life*
  • Race Factors
  • Skilled Nursing Facilities