Synthesis and characterization of ZrFe2O4@SiO2@Ade-Pd as a novel, recyclable, green, and versatile catalyst for Buchwald-Hartwig and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions

Mohamed J Saadh; Hussam Elddin Nabieh Khasawneh; Geovanny Genaro Reivan Ortiz; Muhammad Ahsan; Dinesh Kumar Sain; Kareem Yusuf; Mika Sillanää; Amjad Iqbal; Reza Akhavan-Sigari

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37680-2

Synthesis and characterization of ZrFe₂O₄@SiO₂@Ade-Pd as a novel, recyclable, green, and versatile catalyst for Buchwald-Hartwig and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions

Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 7;13(1):14728. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37680-2.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan.
² Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
³ Chemical Engineering Department, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan.
⁴ Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador.
⁵ Department of Measurements and Control Systems, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, S.P. College Sirohi, Sirohi, Rajasthan, 307001, India.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
⁹ Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland. amjadiqbal33345@gmail.com.
¹⁰ Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland.
¹¹ Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.

Abstract

This work presents the simple synthesis of a green and novel Palladium based magnetic nanocatalyst with effective catalytic properties and reusability. These heterogeneous catalysts were prepared by the anchoring of Pd(0) on the surface of ZrFe₂O₄ MNPs coated with a di-substituted adenine (Ade) compound as a green linker. The as-synthesized ZrFe₂O₄@SiO₂@Ade-Pd MNPs were methodically characterized over different physicochemical measures like VSM, EDX, Map, SEM, TEM, ICP, and FT-IR analysis. The catalytic activity of ZrFe₂O₄@SiO₂@Ade-Pd was carefully examined for the room-temperature Carbon-Carbon coupling reaction in acetonitrile as a solvent. It is worth noting that the synthesized solid catalyst can be easily recovered with a bar magnet and reused for five cycles without decrease of catalytic activity.

Publication types

Retracted Publication