Neuromodulators for Skin

Anya Costeloe; Angela Nguyen; Corey Maas

doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2023.06.002

Neuromodulators for Skin

Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2023 Nov;31(4):511-519. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2023.06.002. Epub 2023 Jul 14.

Authors

Anya Costeloe¹, Angela Nguyen², Corey Maas³

Affiliations

¹ Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Maas Clinic, 2400 Clay Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA; California Pacific Heights Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Premier Plastic Surgery, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Electronic address: anyacosteloe@gmail.com.
² Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Maas Clinic, 2400 Clay Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
³ Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Maas Clinic, 2400 Clay Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA; California Pacific Heights Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.

PMID: 37806684
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2023.06.002

Abstract

Neurotoxins are the most popular nonsurgical aesthetic procedure for men and women of all ages. Five botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) products represent the current palette of available BoNTA for cosmetic use. Off-label uses of BoNTA continue to expand and are now used for skin rejuvenation, to treat various skin disorders, and in facial nerve paralysis. Dermal and subdermal injections of dilute BoNTA has grown in popularity and been shown to improve skin texture and quality. Common targets for chemodenervation in facial nerve synkinesis are ipsilateral orbicularis oculi, mentalis, depressor anguli oris, buccinator, corrugator muscles, and the ipsilateral and/or contralateral frontalis.

Keywords: AbobotulinumtoxinA; Botulinum toxin; DaxibotulinumtoxinA; IncobotulinumtoxinA; Microtox; Neurotoxins; OnabotulinumtoxinA.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Botulinum Toxins, Type A* / therapeutic use
Face
Female
Humans
Male
Neurotoxins / therapeutic use
Neurotransmitter Agents
Skin Aging*

Substances

Botulinum Toxins, Type A
Neurotoxins
Neurotransmitter Agents