Effects of Cognitive Training on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: The Moderating Role of Social Determinants of Health

George W Rebok; Andrew Gellert; Norma B Coe; Olivio J Clay; Gail Wallace; Jeanine M Parisi; Adrienne T Aiken-Morgan; Michael Crowe; Karlene Ball; Roland J Thorpe Jr; Michael Marsiske; Laura B Zahodne; Cynthia Felix; Sherry L Willis

doi:10.1177/08982643231203755

Effects of Cognitive Training on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: The Moderating Role of Social Determinants of Health

J Aging Health. 2023 Oct;35(9_suppl):40S-50S. doi: 10.1177/08982643231203755.

Authors

George W Rebok^{1

2

3}, Andrew Gellert⁴, Norma B Coe⁵, Olivio J Clay^{6

7}, Gail Wallace^{1

2}, Jeanine M Parisi^{1

2}, Adrienne T Aiken-Morgan⁸, Michael Crowe^{6

7}, Karlene Ball^{6

7}, Roland J Thorpe Jr^{2

3

9}, Michael Marsiske¹⁰, Laura B Zahodne¹¹, Cynthia Felix¹², Sherry L Willis¹³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
² Johns Hopkins Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
³ Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
⁴ TIAA Institute, New York, NY, USA.
⁵ Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
⁶ Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
⁷ Deep South Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
⁸ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
⁹ Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
¹¹ Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
¹² Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
¹³ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

PMID: 37994850
DOI: 10.1177/08982643231203755

Abstract

Objective: We examined whether social determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) risk and the effects of cognitive training over a 20-year follow-up period. Methods: Data were obtained from 1605 participants in ACTIVE. SDoH measures were created using baseline data at the individual and neighborhood level. Incident ADRD was defined using administrative claims data (1999-2019). Cause-specific hazard models estimated associations between SDoH and claims-based diagnosed ADRD. Results: Higher scores on neighborhood and built environment were associated with lower ADRD risk. Trained participants obtained a greater degree of protection from ADRD when they had higher scores for SDoH domains associated with health care and education access. However, there were fewer significant SDoH moderation effects on cognitive training than expected. Discussion: Future work should continue to explore culturally tailored cognitive training interventions to reduce ADRD risk associated with SDoH that disproportionately affects racially diverse aging populations.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias; cognitive training; social determinants of health.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Aging
Alzheimer Disease*
Built Environment
Cognitive Training*
Humans
Social Determinants of Health

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding