Changes in Symptom Clusters Among Asian American Breast Cancer Survivors in Technology-Based Coaching Intervention

Cancer Nurs. 2024 Jan 17. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000001317. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Background: Limited research studies have focused on examining the impact of technology-based interventions in changing symptom clusters among Asian American breast cancer survivors.

Objective: The aim of this study was to understand the longitudinal impact of a technology-based program on the symptom cluster experience of Asian American breast cancer survivors.

Methods: This is a secondary data analysis that used exploratory factor analysis at each time point (baseline, post-1 month, post-3 months) for the control and intervention groups (N = 199).

Results: The number of symptom clusters remained the same, and the same symptoms remained in similar clusters across the 2 groups. The control group experienced psychological cluster, fatigue cluster, and neck/skin cluster at baseline; psychological cluster, fatigue/dizzy cluster, and neck/skin cluster at post-1 month; and psychological cluster, fatigue/dizzy cluster, and somatic cluster at post-3 months. The intervention group experienced psychological cluster, neck cluster, and appetite/itching cluster at baseline; somatic/anticholinergic cluster, psychological/sexual cluster, and appetite cluster at post-1 month; and psychological cluster, neck cluster, and itching cluster at post-3 months. The psychological and neck clusters shared similar core symptoms of feeling nervous, dry mouth, and cough between the control and intervention groups.

Conclusion: The different symptom cluster experiences may be due to the technology-based intervention where the intervention group receives individual/group coaching/support that may have changed symptom clusters over time. Yet, the true efficacy of the intervention on symptom clusters warrants further investigation.

Implications for practice: Clinicians should understand the changes in symptom clusters as well as the presence of core symptoms and take a targeted symptom cluster approach in clinical settings.