Association of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Treatment and COVID-19-Neutralizing Antibody Titers in a Longitudinal Health Care Worker Cohort

Slade Decker; Shaoming Xiao; Carly Dillen; Christina M Schumacher; Aaron M Milstone; Matthew Frieman; Amanda K Debes

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofad625

Association of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Treatment and COVID-19-Neutralizing Antibody Titers in a Longitudinal Health Care Worker Cohort

Open Forum Infect Dis. 2024 Feb 13;11(2):ofad625. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad625. eCollection 2024 Feb.

Authors

Slade Decker¹, Shaoming Xiao¹, Carly Dillen², Christina M Schumacher¹, Aaron M Milstone^{1

3}, Matthew Frieman², Amanda K Debes³

Affiliations

¹ Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
² Center for Pathogen Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
³ Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Abstract

Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) is used for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, rebound COVID-19 infections can occur after taking NMV/r. We examined neutralizing antibodies to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein before and after infection in people who did and did not take NMV/r to determine if NMV/r impedes the humoral immune response.

Keywords: COVID-19; NMV/r; antibodies; antivirals; humoral immune response; immunology; longitudinal cohort.