First, do no harm. Second, measure it

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO. Electronic address: Madeline.higgins@cuanschutz.edu.
• ² Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
• ³ Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO. Director of the Institute of Healthcare Quality, Safety, and Efficiency, Aurora, CO.