Time trends in surgical provision and cancer-specific outcomes in patients with stage T2-3 kidney cancer: a SEER-based study

Abstract

Background and objective: Surgery is the primary therapy that crucially affects the survival of patients with kidney cancer (KC). However, pertinent surgical decision criteria for individuals with stage T2-3 KC are lacking. This study aimed to display the practical choices and evolving trends of surgical procedures and elucidate their implied value.

Methods: Through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dataset, the levels and evolving trends of different surgical methods were examined to determine cancer-specific risk of death (CSRD). Additionally, stratification analysis and survival rate analysis were performed to explore the effectiveness of partial nephrectomy (PN).

Results: In this study, 9.27% of patients opted for PN. Interestingly, an upward trend was observed in its decision, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 7.0 (95% CI: 4.8-9.3, P < 0.05). Patients who underwent PN and were in a relatively less severe condition exhibited more favorable CSRD levels (0.17-0.36 vs. 0.50-0.67) and an improvement trend compared with those who underwent radical nephrectomy (RN) (AAPC: -1.9 vs. -0.8). Further analysis showed that the levels of CSRD and survival rates for patients opting for different surgical methods followed a similar pattern.

Conclusions: This study showed that RN was still the most common surgical method. Patients with stage T2-3 KC had an increasing preference for PN and exhibited more favorable cancer-related survival outcomes, which underscores the need for further investigation and validation.

Keywords: SEER; cancer-specific outcomes; kidney cancer; nephrectomy; trends.