Objective: A prospective study was designed for patients previously diagnosed of endometrial carcinoma to evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in determining both the presence and the depth of myometrial invasion. Patients with advanced stage disease (III and IV) were specifically excluded from the analysis.
Subjects and methods: Sixty patients with endometrial carcinoma underwent transvaginal ultrasonography. Ten of these patients were ruled out due to various reasons. In the remaining 50 cases, TVS findings were compared with those obtained after total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (AHT).
Results: The sensitivity of TVS in detecting deep invasion, i.e. more than 50% of the myometrial thickness was 94.1%, while the specificity was 84.8% and the overall accuracy was 88%. Following the classification of the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology, stage I, which divides myometrial invasion into three categories (none, superficial involvement and deep invasion) sensitivity was 66.2%, specificity was 83.1% and overall accuracy was 77.2%.
Conclusion: These findings are consistent with those reported in literature with regard to overall accuracy of TVS. Results are similar to those obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without contrast and slightly lower than MRI plus contrast.