Study objective: To estimate the potential risk of HIV exposure for those providing emergency care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Seattle, Washington, by surveying the seroprevalence of HIV in the patient population.
Methods: We surveyed the seroprevalence of HIV among 1,474 persons treated for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by paramedics during the years 1989 through 1993. Blood specimens were obtained at the site of cardiac arrest, stripped of personal identifiers, and tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 by enzyme immunoassay and Western blot.
Results: Among the 1,011 men, 8 (.8%, 95 percent confidence interval .3% to 1.4%) were seropositive for HIV-1 during this 5-year period; all 8 were younger than age 55. No serologic evidence of HIV infection was detected among the 463 women.
Conclusion: The seroprevalence of HIV in this population was relatively low. Risk of possible HIV transmission during paramedic treatment was remote.